Sisiza umhlaba ukhule kusukela ngo-2004

Amakhono amahlanu wokuklama nezinkomba zobuchwepheshe zenzwa

Inani lezinzwa liyanda emhlabeni wonke nasezikhaleni ezisizungezile, lihlinzeka umhlaba ngedatha. Lezi zinzwa ezingabizi zingamandla ashukumisayo ekuthuthukiseni i-Intanethi Yezinto kanye nenguquko yedijithali umphakathi wethu obhekene nayo, nokho futhi ukufinyelela idatha kusuka kuzinzwa akuhlali kuqondile noma kulula.Leli phepha lizokwethula inkomba yezobuchwepheshe bezinzwa, amakhono wokuklama ama-5 namabhizinisi e-OEM.

Okokuqala, inkomba yezobuchwepheshe iyisisekelo senhloso sokubonisa ukusebenza komkhiqizo.Qonda izinkomba zobuchwepheshe, usize ukukhetha okulungile nokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo.Izinkomba zobuchwepheshe zenzwa zihlukaniswe zaba izinkomba ezimile nezinkomba ezinamandla. Izinkomba ze-static zihlola kakhulu ukusebenza kwenzwa ngaphansi kwesimo se-static invariance, kufaka phakathi ukuxazululwa, ukuphindeka, ukuzwela, ukulingana, iphutha lokubuyisa, umkhawulo, ukungena, ukuzinza nokunye. Inkomba ye-Dynamic ihlola kakhulu ukusebenza kwenzwa ngaphansi kwesimo wezinguquko ezisheshayo, kufaka phakathi ukuphendula kwemvamisa nokuphendula kwezinyathelo.

Ngenxa yezinkomba eziningi zezobuchwepheshe zenzwa, idatha ehlukahlukene kanye nezincwadi zichazwa ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene, ukuze abantu abahlukahlukene babe nokuqonda okungafani, nokungaqondi kahle kanye nokungaqondakali.

1, isinqumo kanye nesinqumo:

Incazelo: Ukulungiswa kusho ushintsho oluncane kakhulu olulinganisiwe inzwa engaluthola.Isinqumo sisho isilinganiso seSinqumo kunani eliphelele lesikali.

Ukuhunyushwa 1: Ukulungiswa kuyinkomba eyisisekelo kakhulu yenzwa. Imelela amandla enzwa okuhlukanisa izinto ezilinganisiwe.Okunye ukucaciswa kobuchwepheshe kwenzwa kuchazwa ngokwesinqumo njengeyunithi encane.

Okwezinzwa nezinsimbi ezinesibonisi sedijithali, isixazululo sinquma inani eliphansi lamadijithi okufanele akhonjiswe.Isibonelo, ukulungiswa kwe-digital caliper digital kungu-0.01mm, kanti iphutha lenkomba ngu- ± 0.02mm.

Ukuhunyushwa 2: Isixazululo siyinombolo ephelele enamayunithi.Isibonelo, isinqumo senzwa yokushisa ngu-0.1 ℃, isinqumo senzwa yokusheshisa ngu-0.1g, njll.

Ukuhunyushwa 3: Ukulungiswa kungumqondo ohambisanayo futhi ofana kakhulu nesisombululo, womabili amele ukulungiswa kwenzwa esilinganisweni.

Umehluko omkhulu ukuthi isixazululo sivezwa njengephesenti lesinqumo senzwa. It is relative and has no dimension.For example, resolution of the temperature sensor is 0.1 ℃, the full range is 500 ℃, resolution is 0.1 / 500 = 0.02%.

Ukuphindeka:

Incazelo: Ukuphindeka kwenzwa kubhekisa ezingeni lomehluko phakathi kwemiphumela yokulinganisa lapho isilinganiso siphindwa kaningana esiqondisweni esifanayo ngaphansi kwesimo esifanayo.

Ukuchazwa 1: Ukuphinda kwenzwa kufanele kube yizinga lokwahluka phakathi kwezilinganiso eziningi ezitholwe ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo.

Ukuchazwa kwesibili: Ukuphindaphindwa kwenzwa kubonisa ukusabalalisa kanye nokungahleliwe kwemiphumela yokulinganisa inzwa.Isizathu sokusabalalisa okunjalo nokungahleliwe ukuthi ukuphazamiseka okungahleliwe okungahleliwe kutholakala ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwenzwa, okuholela emiphumeleni yokugcina yokulinganisa inzwa kukhombisa izici zokuguquguquka okungahleliwe.

Ukuhunyushwa 3: Ukuphambuka okujwayelekile kokuguquguqukayo okungahleliwe kungasetshenziswa njengesisho sokukhiqiza esivelayo.

Ukuchazwa kwe-4: Ngezilinganiso eziphindwe kaningi, ukunemba kokulinganisa okuphezulu kungatholakala uma isilinganiso sazo zonke izilinganiso sithathwa njengomphumela wokulinganisa wokugcina Ngoba ukuphambuka okujwayelekile kwencazelo kuncane kakhulu kunokuphambuka okujwayelekile kwesilinganiso ngasinye.

Ukulingana:

Incazelo: I-Linearity (i-Linearity) isho ukuphambuka kokufakwa kokuzwayo nejika lokukhipha kulayini oqondile oqondile.

Ukuchazwa 1: Ubudlelwano bokufaka / bokukhipha inzwa ekahle kufanele bube bomugqa, futhi ijika layo lokufaka / lokukhipha kufanele libe umugqa oqondile (umugqa obomvu kulo mdwebo ongezansi).

Kodwa-ke, inzwa yangempela inamaphutha ahlukahlukene, okuholela ekutheni ijika langempela lokufaka nokukhiphayo akulona umugqa oqondile oqondile, kepha ijika (ijika eliluhlaza kulesi sibalo esingezansi).

I-Linearity yisilinganiso somehluko phakathi kwejika lesici langempela lenzwa nolayini we-off-line, owaziwa nangokuthi i-nonlinearity noma i-nonlinear error.

Ukuchazwa 2: Ngoba umehluko phakathi kwejika lesici lenzwa kanye nomugqa ofanele uhlukile ngosayizi ohlukile wesilinganiso, isilinganiso senani eliphakeme lomehluko kunani lobubanzi obugcwele livame ukusetshenziswa ebangeni eligcwele lobubanzi. , umugqa ubuye ubungako obuhlobene.

Ukuchazwa kwesi-3: Ngoba umugqa ofanele wenzwa awaziwa ngesilinganiso sokulinganisa jikelele, awutholakali.Ngaleso sizathu, indlela yokuyekethisa ivame ukwamukelwa, okusho ukuthi, isebenzisa ngqo imiphumela yokulinganisa yenzwa ukubala umugqa ofanelekile Izindlela ezithile zokubala zifaka indlela yomugqa wamaphoyinti okuphela, indlela engcono kakhulu yomugqa, okungenani indlela eyisikwele njalonjalo.

4. Ukuzinza:

Incazelo: Ukuzinza yikhono lenzwa lokugcina ukusebenza kwalo isikhathi esithile.

Ukuchazwa 1: Ukuzinza kuyinkomba enkulu yokuphenya ukuthi inzwa isebenza kahle yini ebangeni elithile lesikhathi.Izinto eziholela ekungazinzini kwenzwa ikakhulu zifaka ukukhukhumala kwezinga lokushisa nokukhululwa kwengcindezi yangaphakathi.Ngakho-ke, kuyasiza ukukhulisa isinxephezelo sethempelesha nokwelashwa kokuguga ukwenza ngcono ukuzinza.

Ukuhunyushwa 2: Ukuzinza kungahlukaniswa kube ukusimama kwesikhashana kanye nokuzinza kwesikhathi eside ngokuya ngobude besikhathi.Uma isikhathi sokubuka sifushane kakhulu, ukuzinza nokuphindaphindwa kuseduze.Ngakho-ke, inkomba yokuzinza ihlola isikhathi eside ubude besikhathi, ngokusetshenziswa kwemvelo nezidingo zokunquma.

Ukuhunyushwa 3: Kokubili iphutha eliphelele nephutha elihlobene lingasetshenziselwa ukubonakaliswa kokulinganiswa kwenkomba yokuzinza.Isibonelo, uhlobo lwenzwa yohlobo lwamandla lunozinzo olungu-0.02% / 12h.

5.Sampling imvamisa:

Incazelo: Isilinganiso sesampula sisho inani lemiphumela yokulinganisa engathathwa isampuli yinzwa ngesikhathi ngasinye seyunithi.

Ukuchazwa 1: Imvamisa yesampula iyinkomba ebaluleke kakhulu yezimpawu ezinamandla zenzwa, ekhombisa amandla okuphendula asheshayo enzwa.Imvamisa yesampula ingenye yezinkomba zobuchwepheshe okufanele zicatshangelwe ngokuphelele esimweni sokushintshwa kwesilinganiso okusheshayo. Ngokomthetho wesampula kaShannon, imvamisa yesampuli yenzwa akufanele ibe ngaphansi kwezikhathi ezi-2 imvamisa yokushintsha yesilinganiso.

Ukuchazwa 2: Ngokusebenzisa amaza ahlukahlukene, ukunemba kwenzwa nakho kuyahluka ngokufanele.Ngokuvamile, ukuphakama kwesampuli kuphakama, kwehlisa ukunemba kwesilinganiso.

Ukunemba okuphezulu kakhulu kwenzwa kuvame ukutholwa ngejubane eliphansi kakhulu lesampuli noma ngisho nangaphansi kwezimo ezimile.Ngakho-ke, ukucacisa kanye nejubane kufanele kucatshangelwe ekukhetheni inzwa.

Izeluleko ezinhlanu zokuklama izinzwa

1. Qala ngethuluzi lebhasi

Njengesinyathelo sokuqala, unjiniyela kufanele athathe indlela yokuqala ukuxhuma inzwa ngethuluzi lebhasi ukukhawulela okungaziwa Ithuluzi lebhasi lixhuma ikhompyutha yomuntu siqu (i-PC) bese liya kwi-I2C, i-SPI, noma enye inqubo elandelwayo evumela inzwa "ukukhuluma" .Uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-PC oluhlotshaniswa nethuluzi lebhasi elihlinzeka ngomthombo owaziwayo futhi osebenzayo wokuthumela nokwamukela idatha okungeyona umshayeli we-microcontroller (MCU) oshumekiwe ongagunyaziwe. ingathumela futhi yamukele imilayezo ukuthola ukuqonda ukuthi isigaba sisebenza kanjani ngaphambi kokuzama ukusebenza ezingeni elishumekiwe.

2. Bhala ikhodi yokudlulisela isikhombimsebenzisi kuPython

Lapho umthuthukisi esezamile ukusebenzisa izinzwa zethuluzi lebhasi, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukubhala ikhodi yohlelo lokusebenza yezinzwa.Kunalokho kweqa ngqo kwikhodi ye-microcontroller, bhala ikhodi yohlelo lokusebenza ePython. imibhalo, okuvame ukulandelwa yiPython.NET olunye lwezilimi ezitholakala ku -.net.Ukubhala izinhlelo zokusebenza ePython kuyashesha futhi kulula, futhi kunikeza indlela yokuhlola izinzwa kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezingeyona inkimbinkimbi njengokuhlola endaweni eshumekiwe. ikhodi -level izokwenza kube lula konjiniyela abangashumekiwe ukumayini imibhalo yokuhlolwa nokuhlolwa ngaphandle kokunakekelwa ngonjiniyela wesoftware oshumekiwe.

3. Hlola inzwa nge-Micro Python

Enye yezinzuzo zokubhala ikhodi yokuqala yohlelo lokusebenza ku-Python ukuthi izingcingo zohlelo lokusebenza eziya kusixhumi se-Bus-utility application Programming interface (API) zingashintshwa kalula ngokubiza iMicro Python. izinzwa zabanjiniyela ukuqonda inani lazo. IMicro Python isebenza ngeprosesa yeCortex-M4, futhi iyindawo enhle yokusebenzisa ikhodi yokulungisa iphutha. umtapo wezincwadi.

4. Sebenzisa ikhodi yomhlinzeki wenzwa

Noma iyiphi ikhodi eyisampuli "engasuswa" kumenzi wenzwa, onjiniyela kuzodingeka bahambe ibanga elide ukuqonda ukuthi inzwa isebenza kanjani. isibonelo sokulungela ukukhiqizwa kwezakhiwo ezinhle nobuhle.Vele usebenzise ikhodi yabathengisi, ufunde ukuthi le ngxenye isebenza kanjani, futhi ukukhungatheka kokuphinda kusebenze kuzovela kuze kube kuhlanganiswa kahle kwisoftware eshumekiwe.Ingaqala njenge- “spaghetti”, kepha ibophele abakhiqizi Ukuqonda ukuthi izinzwa zabo zisebenza kanjani kuzosiza ukunciphisa izimpelasonto eziningi ezonakele ngaphambi kokuba umkhiqizo wethulwe.

5.Sebenzisa umtapo wolwazi wemisebenzi yokuhlanganisa inzwa

Kungenzeka ukuthi inzwa yokudlulisela inzwa akuyona entsha futhi ayikaze yenziwe ngaphambili.Imitapo yolwazi eyaziwayo yayo yonke imisebenzi, efana ne- "Sensor Fusion function Library" enikezwa ngabakhiqizi abaningi be-chip, isiza abathuthukisi ukuthi bafunde ngokushesha, noma nangcono, futhi bagweme Izinzwa eziningi zingahlanganiswa nezinhlobo ezijwayelekile noma izigaba, futhi lezi zinhlobo noma izigaba zizokwenza ukuthi ukukhula kwabashayeli kube lula, uma kusingathwa kahle, cishe kungasebenziseka jikelele noma ngaphansi. inzwa fusion imisebenzi futhi ufunde amandla abo nobuthakathaka.

Lapho izinzwa zihlanganiswa nezinhlelo ezishumekiwe, kunezindlela eziningi zokusiza ukwenza ngcono isikhathi sokuklama nokusebenziseka kalula.Onjiniyela abasoze “bahamba kabi” ngokufunda ukuthi izinzwa zisebenza kanjani kusukela ezingeni eliphezulu lokukhishwa ekuqaleni komklamo nangaphambi kokuzihlanganisa Ezinsizakalweni eziningi ezikhona namuhla kuzosiza abathuthukisi "bashaye phansi" ngaphandle kokuthi baqale phansi.


Isikhathi Iposi: Aug-16-2021