Izinto zikagesi ezisebenzisa ugesi ophansi zizoba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu emakethe

(1) Isidingo esisha esilethwe ukuthunyelwa okukhulu kwezakhiwo zegridi ehlakaniphile

Ukwakhiwa kwegridi ehlakaniphile kuzoqaliswa ngezigaba ezintathu ngaphambi kuka-2020. Isigaba sokuqala singo-2009-2011, ikakhulukazi ucwaningo kanye namaphrojekthi okuhlola; isigaba sesibili singo-2011-2015, lapho igridi ehlakaniphile izoqaliswa khona ngezinga elikhulu; isigaba sesithathu singo-2016-2020 ukuze kufezwe intuthuko kanye nentuthuko iyonke. Njengamanje, i-State Grid Corporation yaseShayina iqinisa ukwakhiwa kwezindinganiso zobuchwepheshe ezingaba ngu-200 zegridi ehlakaniphile yaseShayina. Ukwethulwa kokuhlela kanye nezindinganiso kulethe ukwakhiwa kwamagridi ahlakaniphile ohambweni, okuzoletha isidingo esikhulu sama-circuit breakers aphansi aphakathi nendawo kanye naphezulu.

(2) Ukutshalwa kwezimali kokukhiqiza kuqhuba ukukhula kwesikhathi esizayo

Ukukhiqiza kuyindawo ebalulekile yokusetshenziswa embonini kagesi ene-voltage ephansi, futhi kungenye yezindawo eziyishumi ezibalulekile zobunjiniyela zokonga amandla nokunciphisa ukukhishwa komoya. Ngenxa yengcindezi yezinkomba zokonga amandla, imboni yokukhiqiza yaseShayina izogcina isidingo esinamandla sokulawula ukonga amandla kanye nemikhiqizo kagesi yokusabalalisa amandla ehlakaniphile.

(3) Amandla omoya, amandla elanga kanye namanye amandla amasha aletha isidingo esikhulu sama-circuit breaker aphansi aphakathi nendawo kanye naphezulu.

Ngemva kweNgqungquthela yaseCopenhagen, ukutshalwa kwezimali emandleni amasha sekuyinto ebalulekile emhlabeni wonke. Amandla amasha kanye nomnotho we-carbon ephansi sekuyindlela eyinhloko embonini yemishini kagesi. Intuthuko enamandla yamandla amasha izodala isidingo esikhulu semikhiqizo kagesi esebenza kahle kakhulu futhi ezinzile ephakathi nendawo kanye nephezulu. Isidingo sezingxenye zikagesi ze-voltage ephansi kulindeleke ukuthi sande kakhulu phakathi neminyaka emi-3-5. Kudingeka ubuchwepheshe obuningana obuyinhloko nobubalulekile njengohlelo lokulawula i-inverter kanye nobuchwepheshe obuxhunywe ngegridi bamandla omoya kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic. Lokhu futhi kuyisiqondiso sokwanda kwesikhathi esizayo kwemboni kagesi ye-voltage ephansi.

Kusukela ekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20 kuya ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-21, izinkampani ezinkulu zakwamanye amazwe ziye zethula i-ACB ne-MCCB entsha ngokulandelana, futhi ziye zathuthukiswa futhi zandiswa njalo. Zenze impumelelo enkulu kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha maqondana nokusebenza okuyinhloko kobuchwepheshe, isakhiwo somkhiqizo, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zobuchwepheshe obusha. Phakathi kwazo, i-Siemens yaseJalimane iyona evelele kakhulu. Izinto zayo zikagesi ezisebenzisa amandla aphansi ezingaxhumana zingakha uhlelo olukhulu kakhulu lwezimboni, uhlelo lokuqapha ukusatshalaliswa kwamandla kanye nohlelo lokuzenzakalela kwesakhiwo. I-MDU series circuit breaker eyenziwe yi-Mitsubishi Corporation ingasebenzisa ngqo inethiwekhi yokuqapha amandla kagesi. Uhlelo, uhlelo lwenethiwekhi yokuqapha imishini, njll.

Izinto zikagesi ezisebenzisa ugesi ophansi zisetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini ezahlukene emnothweni wezwe futhi zihlobene kakhulu nesimo sokutshalwa kwezimali esinqunyiwe somphakathi wonke. 21 Empeleni, kwakuyisikhathi sokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwemboni yezinto zikagesi ezisebenzisa ugesi ophansi eShayina. Izinga lokukhula kwemboni yezinto zikagesi ezisebenzisa ugesi ophansi ezweni lami lihlale ku-10%-15% eminyakeni yamuva nje. Amandla emakethe emboni yezinto zikagesi ezisebenzisa ugesi ophansi ahlobene kakhulu nentuthuko yezimboni zikagesi, imboni, izindlu, kanye nezokuxhumana. Kanye nokulungiswa kwesakhiwo sesidingo sezinto zikagesi ezisebenzisa ugesi ophansi kanye nesidingo esingaba khona semakethe yamazwe ngamazwe, kunikeza isikhala esibanzi sentuthuko yesikhathi esizayo yemboni yezinto zikagesi ezisebenzisa ugesi ophansi.

Ngesikhathi seNkathi Yeminyaka Emihlanu Yeminyaka Eyishumi Nambili, ngokuthuthukiswa kokwakhiwa kwegridi ehlakaniphile kanye nokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza ugesi obusebenzisa amandla aphansi, isizukulwane esisha sezinto zikagesi ezisebenzisa amandla aphansi eziqukethe ubuhlakani, ukuguquguquka, kanye namakhono okuxhumana kuzoba imikhiqizo eyinhloko emakethe. Imikhiqizo yesizukulwane sokuqala izohoxa emakethe ngo-2010, imikhiqizo yesizukulwane sesibili izoba imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphansi, kanti imikhiqizo yesizukulwane sesithathu kanye neminye imikhiqizo yesizukulwane sesibili izoba imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphakathi. Kusukela ngo-2021 kuya ku-2025, igridi ehlakaniphile izongena esigabeni sokwakha esibanzi ezicini eziyisikhombisa okuhlanganisa ukudluliselwa kwamandla, ukuguqulwa, ukusatshalaliswa, kanye nokuxhumana.