Ukuhlukaniswa Nokukhethwa Kwe-High Voltage Cable Plug Terminal

1) Ikhebula le-plug elingu-110 ~ 220kV

Ekusetshenzisweni kwezinto zikagesi ezihlanganisiwe ze-GIS, i-transformer noma i-GIS ngezinye izikhathi iholwa ikhishwe ku-transformer noma i-GIS ngqo ngekhebula elinamandla aphezulu esikhundleni se-bushing yendabuko. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-terminal emishini yekhebula elinamandla aphezulu, ukukhethwa kwe-GIS efanele, ukufakwa kwe-transformer nekhebula, ukuhlolwa kanye nokusebenza nokugcinwa kwesikhathi esizayo kubaluleke kakhulu.

1.1 Uhlobo lwetheminali yedivayisi

I-cable feeder emishinini enamandla aphezulu isetshenziselwa ukubopha ngomshini i-cable feeder kanye nokuxhumeka kokushintsha kukagesi nge-transformer noma umzimba we-GIS ohlanganisiwe. I-epoxy sleeve esikhungweni sekhebula ivimbela ngempumelelo uwoyela wokushisa noma igesi ye-SF6 ukuthi ingene emzimbeni wekhebula. Ukuze kuxazululwe inkinga yokushisa kagesi ye-cable terminal esikhungweni se-epoxy resin casing, ikhambi lendabuko ukugcwalisa i-casing casing ngowoyela noma igesi ye-SF6. I-terminal yemishini yalolu hlobo lwekhebula elinamandla aphezulu ibizwa ngokuthi uhlobo olugcwele uwoyela (noma olufuthwayo), olwaziwa nangokuthi uhlobo olumanzi. Indlela yayo yokushaja ayisetshenziswa kakhulu, ngokuvamile igcwele uwoyela.

Itheminali yemishini emanzi egcwele uwoyela kufanele iqedele uxhumano kagesi nolwemishini kanye nendawo yokugcina ikhebula esakhiweni. Emsebenzini wokuhlola nokufaka ensimini, abasebenzi bomkhiqizi wemishini ocindezela kakhulu kufanele babambisane ukuze baqedele ukushaja nokukhulula umoya (uwoyela) kanye neminye imisebenzi yendlu yokugcina ikhebula, futhi inqubo yokusebenza iyinkimbinkimbi impela. Amanye amatheminali okugcwalisa uwoyela axhunywe ngomshini wokuphefumula (onomsebenzi womcamelo wamafutha ofana ne-transformer); Amanye adinga futhi ukusebenzisa indlela ye-vacuum ukuze enze umjovo kawoyela we-epoxy resin casing, awulungele neze. Isithombe esingezansi sibonisa itheminali yekhebula engu-110kV egcwele uwoyela ezohlanganiswa kuhlelo lokusebenza oluhlanganisiwe lwe-GIS.

Olunye uhlobo lwe-high voltage cable terminal ngokwenza ngcono ukwakheka kwesakhiwo, lwaqaphela i-stress cone kanye ne-cable terminal head epoxy resin ebusweni bangaphakathi be-casing akukho ukuxhumana kwe-clearance kanye nokusatshalaliswa okufanayo komugqa wamandla, ngaphandle kwe-casing kuya ku-epoxy resin filling oil (igesi) ukuxazulula inkinga ye-electrical insulation sleeve cavity, lolu hlobo lwe-terminal lubizwa ngokuthi imishini ye-eyomile terminal.
Itheminali yekhebula elinamandla aphezulu elomile ayinawoyela futhi ivalwe ngokuphelele, ngakho-ke indawo yetheminali yekhebula ayinqunyelwe, futhi ukuxhumana phakathi kwekhebula kanye nomshini ohlanganisiwe we-GIS noma i-transformer kungabonakala ngezindlela eziguquguqukayo ngezindlela ezahlukene kuye ngezidingo zendawo.
Isithombe esilandelayo sibonisa i-terminal yekhebula eyomile ehlanganiswe engxenyeni engezansi yebhini lokungena lekhebula eliseceleni kwe-transformer.

Ngokwezici zokuhlanganiswa kwama-terminal ekhebula e-dry high voltage, angahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu.
Uhlobo lokuqala uhlobo olujwayelekile, okungukuthi, i-epoxy resin casing kanye nekhebula, ukufakwa kwe-stress cone integral kanye nokuhlolwa.
Inqubo yokufaka ensimini icishe ifane ne-terminal emanzi, ngaphandle kokuthi i-casing ayigcwalisiwe ngowoyela (igesi).
Emsebenzini wokuhlola nokufaka ensimini, kusadinga abasebenzi bomkhiqizi wemishini enamandla aphezulu ukuthi babambisane nensimu ukuqedela umsebenzi wokushaja nokukhipha (uwoyela) wendlu yokugcina izintambo zokungena kwekhebula, futhi inqubo yokusebenza kanye nokusebenza okuhlanganisiwe kokufakwa okuphelele kunzima kakhulu.
Uhlobo lwesibili uhlobo lwe-plug-in, lapho umkhono we-epoxy resin we-cable terminal ungafakwa ngokuhlukile kukhebula kanye ne-stress cone, kodwa awukwazi ukuhlolwa ngokwehlukana.
Kufakwa idivayisi yokukhiya intwasahlobo endukuni edonsa umoya eboshwe enkabeni yekhebula. Lapho ukuphela kwekhebula kufakwa esikhwameni se-epoxy endaweni, idivayisi yokukhiya intwasahlobo iphuma ngokuzenzakalelayo bese ikhiya ukuphela kwekhebula esikhwameni se-epoxy ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ayiphumi.
Uma isifakiwe, ukuphela kwekhebula lalolu hlobo lwekhebula akukwazi ukukhishwa futhi.
Inqubo yokufaka ikhebula le-plug-in ifana kakhulu neyesigaba sokuqala. Isibonelo, kumadivayisi ahlanganisiwe e-GIS, i-epoxy resin sleeve ingafakwa ku-CABLE inlet bin ye-GIS kusenesikhathi efektri. I-epoxy resin sleeve ingahlukanisa ngokuphelele igesi le-SF6 ku-cable inlet bin ngaphandle, okunciphisa umthwalo wokubambisana endaweni yomenzi.
Kodwa-ke, uma kuvela izinkinga ekuhlolweni kwekhebula futhi kudingeka zilungiswe, kusadingeka ukushaja nokukhipha igesi ekhebulani liye ebhinini lekhebula.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kusetshenziswa ama-terminal ekhebula e-plug-in kuma-transformer, ukufakwa kwawo kanye nomsebenzi wokuhlola kufana nama-terminal ekhebula avamile ekilasini 1.
Isithombe esilandelayo sibonisa i-plug-in cable terminal exhunywe ku-GIS appliance.

Uhlobo lwesithathu ikhebula lokuxhuma nokudonsa, i-casing, ikhebula, i-stress cone ingafakwa ngokwehlukana, futhi ingahlolwa ngokwehlukana;
Ikhanda lekhebula lingafakwa noma likhishwe.
Isakhiwo sayo silula kakhulu, ukufakwa okulula kakhulu.
Amatheminali ekhebula axhunywayo nawo ahlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezimbili ezingasetshenziswa kabusha kanye nezingasetshenziswa kabusha.
Itheminali yekhebula engahlanganiswa kabusha ngokususa izingxenye zepulaki yokuphela kwekhebula ibizwa ngokuthi itheminali yekhebula ephinde isetshenziswe; ngaphandle kwalokho, iyitheminali yekhebula ephinde isetshenziswe engasetshenziswa kabusha.
Ukufakwa kwe-plug-in cable terminal ensimini kunezici ezilandelayo:
(1) I-epoxy resin casing ingafakwa futhi ixhunywe ku-GIS noma ku-transformer kusenesikhathi, futhi ingahlolwa nge-GIS noma i-transformer ngesikhathi esifanayo;
(2) vele uqedele ukuhlanganiswa kwengxenye yekhanda lekhebula endaweni;
(3) ikhebula lingahlolwa ngokwehlukana ngesivikelo sokuhlola, ngaphandle kokubambisana kwabakhiqizi bemishini;
(4) Ngemva kokudlula esivivinyweni, faka ikhebula esikhaleni se-epoxy resin, bese uqedela ukufakwa ngemva kokufaka ucingo oluphansi.
Isithombe esilandelayo sibonisa umdwebo wesakhiwo se-terminal evamile exhunywayo.

I-plug-in cable terminal kanye nebhokisi le-GIS zingasetshenziswa ukwakha isixhumi "sohlobo lwe-T" sekhebula.
Isithombe 5 sibonisa i-cable “T” joint efakwe emhubheni, engakhipha eyodwa ngaphakathi nambili ngaphandle kwe-cable.
Ingakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi elandelayo ngendlela eguquguqukayo: (1) Uma umugqa ophumayo udinga ukungezwa ekuguqulweni kwesiteshi esidala, uxhumano lohlobo “T” lungagwema ukwandisa isikhawu se-GIS;
(2) Engxenyeni ephakathi yomugqa wekhebula, ukusetshenziswa kwezintambo zohlobo lwe-“T” kunganikeza kalula amandla kubasebenzisi abasha;
③ Uma kukhona umugqa wokukhipha wesikhathi eside kodwa ungakahlangabezani nezimo, ungakwazi ukufaka umugqa wokukhipha bese usebenzisa indawo yokukhipha egciniwe yohlobo lwe-“T” bese ufaka ipulaki ekhethekile yokushisa, umugqa oyinhloko ungasetshenziswa;
④ Uma izintambo ezimbili zibekwe ngokuhambisana nesiteshi esincane isikhathi eside, kungcono ukukhetha indawo eyodwa yokukhipha ikhebula bese usebenzisa imodi yokuxhuma ethi “T” ukuze unikeze ugesi endaweni yegatsha.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma enye yezintambo ezintathu zokusebenza ezixhunywe yi-“T” ihluleka, ikhebula elinephutha lingakhishwa bese ezinye izintambo ezimbili zingaqhubeka nokusebenza ngemva kokufaka ipulaki ekhethekile yokuvikela.

1.2 Ukuqhathaniswa kokusebenza kanye nomgomo wokukhetha wesiteshi semishini yekhebula ene-voltage ephezulu
Zonke izinhlobo zama-terminal ekhebula ane-voltage ephezulu ekusebenzeni kukagesi kokuhlolwa okuqinile, zingahlangabezana nezidingo ze-IEC60859 ejwayelekile kazwelonke, ekufakweni, ekuhlolweni, ekusebenzeni nasekugcinweni kanye nokuphathwa kwamaphutha kanye nezinye izici zazo zonke izinhlobo zama-terminal ekhebula zinezimpawu ezahlukene.
Itheminali yekhebula kumele ibe nokusebenza kukagesi okufanayo, izinga lokushisa lokusebenza kanye nokuphila kwesevisi njengekhebula ekukhetheni.
Isakhiwo se-terminal yekhebula kufanele siqinisekise ukusatshalaliswa okuhle kwensimu kagesi futhi sivimbele izinyathelo zokunciphisa ukufudumala.
Empeleni, inezici ezilandelayo:
(1) Ukusebenza kukagesi.
Okubalulekile ukuthi ngabe ukusatshalaliswa kwezinsiza zekhebula kagesi kunengqondo yini, ukuthi izinyathelo zokuthuthukisa ukusatshalaliswa kwezinsiza zikagesi zifanelekile yini, amandla kagesi ezinto zokwakha, ukulahleka kwe-dielectric kanye ne-insulation margin yemikhiqizo, njll.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuzinza kwezakhiwo zikagesi, okuhlanganisa izakhiwo zamakhemikhali nezomzimba kanye nokuzinza kwesakhiwo sezinto zokwengeza ikhebula.
Isibonelo, ukuthi ukusebenza kwezinto zokulawula ukucindezeleka kuzinzile yini, ukuthi ikhoni yokucindezeleka kulula ukuyishintsha, ithonya lokuhoxiswa kokufakwa kwekhebula ekusakazweni kwensimu kagesi yezesekeli zekhebula kanye nezinyathelo zokuvimbela, ukuhambisana kwezinto ezahlukahlukene, ukuzinza kwezakhiwo zesixhumi esibonakalayo, njll.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenza kokushisa kwezesekeli zekhebula kufanele kucatshangelwe, njengokulahlekelwa yi-dielectric, ukumelana kokuxhumana koxhumano lwe-conductor kanye nokuqina kwalo, ukukhululwa kokuhanjiswa kokushisa, ukwanda kokushisa kanye nokufinyela kwezakhiwo zikagesi nezemishini zengxenye ngayinye.
(2) Ukusebenza kokuvala.
Ukusebenza okuvikela umswakama ekuvaleni kuthinta ngqo ukusebenza kukagesi kanye nempilo yesevisi yezesekeli zekhebula.
Isakhiwo sokuvala i-terminal sithembekile futhi sizinzile.

(3) Izakhiwo zemishini.
I-terminal kufanele ibe nokugoba okwanele kanye nokumelana nokushaqeka.
(4) Ukusebenza kwenqubo.
Ukusebenza kwenqubo kuyisimo esibalulekile sokuklama nokukhethwa kwezesekeli zekhebula. Inqubo yokufaka kufanele ibe lula ngangokunokwenzeka, ilungele ukwakhiwa kwendawo, futhi isikhathi sokwakha kufanele sibe sifushane.
Imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu ayixhomekile ezidingweni zendawo kanye nezinga lobuchwepheshe labasebenzi bokufaka;
Ikhwalithi yokufaka kulula ukuyilawula, ikhwalithi ethembekile njalo njalo.
Ukufakwa kwama-terminal ekhebula kungaqedwa ngokuzimela ngaphandle kokuhlanganiswa kokukhishwa kukawoyela nomoya ngabakhiqizi be-transformer noma be-GIS, futhi ikhwalithi yokufaka ingaqinisekiswa kalula.
(5) Kufanelekela izidingo zephrojekthi.
Izinhlobo eziningi zezesekeli zekhebula zinezici zazo, ukukhethwa kwezesekeli zekhebula kufanele kunqunywe ngokuya ngezidingo zokusetshenziswa kwangempela.
(6) Uhlelo lokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi lomkhiqizi.
Uma izesekeli zekhebula ezenziwe kusengaphambili ziphuma efektri, umenzi uhlinzeka ngezingxenye nezinto ezifana nezingxenye zerabha ezenziwe kusengaphambili, amakhoni okucindezela asetshenziswe kusengaphambili, imikhono ye-porcelain, amagobolondo nama-impregnator, ahlanganiswa abe ama-terminal noma ama-joint ahlanganisiwe ngesikhathi sokufakwa endaweni.
Ikhwalithi yokukhiqiza kanye nenqubo yokufaka yengxenye ngayinye ithinta ngqo ikhwalithi yezesekeli zekhebula.
Lolu hlelo lokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi kufanele lufake okungenani okulandelayo: ① Ukuhlolwa kwefektri kufanele kwenziwe ngokuqinile ezingxenyeni ezibalulekile (njenge-raber stress cone, i-GIS epoxy resin sleeve, i-impregnation agent, njll.).
Hlola ngokucophelela ukuthi imishini yokuhlola neyokulinganisa ithembekile yini, izindlela zokuhlola ziyasebenza yini, abasebenzi bokuhlola baqeqeshwe kahle futhi amarekhodi okuhlola aphelele;
(2) Ukuthi abasebenzi bokufaka kanye nabasebenzi bokwakha abathunyelwe ngumenzi baqeqeshwe ngokuqinile futhi banolwazi olwanele lokwakha;
(3) Ukuthi ukubambisana phakathi kweminyango ehlukene yomkhiqizi kuhle yini;
(4) Amarekhodi okuthengisa nokusebenza kwangaphambilini.
Ekukhetheni i-terminal yekhebula, ukuhlolwa nokugcinwa ngemva kokuhlanganiswa kwekhebula kanye nokuhlolwa nokugcinwa kwephutha lekhebula kufanele kucatshangelwe ngokugcwele. Kufanele kube lula ukubona ukuhlolwa okuhlukile nokugcinwa kwekhebula, i-transformer kanye ne-GIS ngaphandle kokuphazamisana.
Yiqiniso, ukushintshana, ukusetshenziswa kabusha, ukunganakekelwa, isakhiwo esincane kanye nentengo yomkhiqizo wama-terminal ekhebula nakho kuyizinto ezibalulekile okufanele zicatshangelwe ekukhetheni.

Itheminali yekhebula lepulagi ezimbili, 10 ~ 35kV
2.1 Uhlobo lwetheminali yedivayisi
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-cable plug head, ngokuvamile ahlukaniswe ngamamodeli aseMelika nawaseYurophu.
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wepulaki yekhebula ukuxhuma ikhebula lesigaba esisodwa noma lesigaba sesithathu nekhabhinethi yokushintsha, i-transformer, ikhabhinethi yenethiwekhi yendandatho, ibhokisi lokumpompa ikhebula kanye neminye imishini kagesi.
Yakha ipulaki ngaphambi nangemva okungenani ipulaki elilodwa, ipulaki ngaphambi nangemva kwepulaki ontology esakhiweni se-T tube, i-T tube yembobo evundlile eqondile kanye nembobo eqondile, ipulaki, ipulaki ngaphambi nangemva kwepulaki ngaphambi nangemva kwepulaki uchungechunge oluvundlile luhlanganiswe ndawonye, ​​ipulaki imbobo evundlile eneziphetho zentambo, ingxenye ephezulu ye-line pressing terminal ifakwe ingcindezi,
Idivayisi yokuxhuma ihlelwe emgodini ovundlile wepulaki yangaphambili kanye nepulaki yangemuva, bese idivayisi yokuxhuma ixhunywe nembobo yokucindezela intambo, bese i-terminal yokucindezela intambo ixhunywe nentambo.
Izixhumi kanye namapulagi angaphambili nangemuva akhiwe ngendlela yasefektri, aguquguquka ngaphakathi nangaphandle, anomthamo omncane, isakhiwo esincane, inqubo yokufaka elula, ukuphepha okuphezulu, angasetshenziswa kukhabhinethi yokushintsha kanye nomugqa wegatsha lekhebula nakwezinye izindawo, afanele ukufakwa ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle.

Ikhanda le-plug yekhebula lineziteketiso eziningi, i-elbow joint, i-T joint, i-cable terminal ehlukanisiwe njalo njalo.
Ngokuvamile, izinga lamandla kagesi kufanele ligxile ku-10kV kanye no-35kV, futhi imodeli yokusetshenziswa ivame ukuhlukaniswa ngezinhlobo zaseYurophu nezaseMelika.
Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kokuhlelwa kwe-busbar yaseMelika neyaseYurophu kanye nekhanda lekhebula uhlukile, ukuhlelwa okuvundlile kwaseMelika, ukuhlelwa okuqondile kwaseYurophu.
Isithombe esingezansi singesaseYurophu.

Ikhanda le-plug yekhebula laseYurophu lixhunywe ngohlobo lwe-bolt yokuvikela;
Ifanele ikhabhinethi yokushintsha indandatho, ibhokisi lokusabalalisa ikhebula, isiteshi esincane sebhokisi (ikhebula lamandla elixhumene ne-cross-linked) i-inlet kanye ne-outlet terminal, kanye nokuxhumeka kwentambo yepayipi yokushisa kabili.
Ingqimba yangaphandle inengqimba yokuvikela ehambisa umoya kancane, engathinteka ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha komuntu siqu;
Isakhiwo sekhoni yokucindezeleka esiyingqayizivele sihlakaza ngempumelelo ukucindezeleka kwensimu kagesi futhi sixazulula ukunqunywa kwengqimba yokuvikela ikhebula;
Inkinga yokucindezeleka kwensimu kagesi;
Ukunwebeka, ukuhlukaniswa okuguquguqukayo kanye nokuhlanganiswa, kungaqedela uxhumano lwekhebula lohlobo lwe-“T”;
Umoya ongenamoya ogcwele, ukuvikela okugcwele, ukuvikela okugcwele, akukho ukugcinwa, ukulwa nezikhukhula, kanye nokuvikela ukungcola.